VICTIMOLOGY AND MENTAL HEALTH: ADDRESSING PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA AMONG CRIME VICTIMS IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA

Abstract

Victims of crime often face long-term psychological effects such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression, which are frequently overlooked in the criminal justice system. This research explores the intersection of victimology and mental health, focusing on the psychological trauma experienced by crime victims in contemporary India. The research critically examines the recent legal reforms introduced by India, particularly the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), which aim to address the psychological needs of crime victims. These laws emphasize victim support, mental health care, and the protection of victims’ rights throughout the legal process. Despite their potential, challenges persist in the effective implementation of these reforms, including inadequate infrastructure and limited victim support services. The research advocates a more integrated approach, wherein legal provisions and psychological interventions are harmonized to ensure comprehensive care for victims. It proposes recommendation as to strengthening of mental health provisions within the legal framework, fostering collaboration between mental health professionals and law enforcement, and raising awareness about the psychological needs of crime victims to create a more victim-centered justice system in India.