Systematic Review of Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour of Users in Military Education Institutions

Abstract

The systematic review examines existing research on information needs and information seeking behaviour (ISB) of users in military education institutions, with a focus on understanding how defense-oriented academic contexts influence access, motivation, and usage of information resources. Military educational environments such as defense universities, academies, and staff colleges—operate under strict command structures and confidentiality norms that shape users’ informational behaviour differently from traditional academic institutions. Following a systematic review protocol inspired by the PRISMA framework, this study synthesizes findings from 48 peer-reviewed journal articles, dissertations, and institutional reports published between 2000 and 2025. The review explores five thematic domains: (1) typologies of information needs, (2) behavioural patterns of information seeking, (3) the role of technology and digital infrastructure, (4) institutional and psychological barriers, and (5) strategies for optimizing information services in defense academic systems. The results indicate that information behaviour in military educational settings is task-oriented, hierarchical, and security-driven, where users prioritize mission relevance and reliability over information diversity. Faculty and officers show high dependence on intranet-based resources, while cadets exhibit structured search patterns guided by academic assignments and superiors’ directives. Psychological factors such as discipline, time constraints, and cognitive control further distinguish their information practices from those in civilian institutions. The study proposes an adapted conceptual model that integrates technological mediation, command influence, and emotional discipline as key determinants of ISB. Findings have implications for designing secure, efficient, and user-responsive information systems within defense education.