GROWING OLD IN INDIA AND SOCIO ECONOMIC JUSTICE: AN APPRAISAL OF THE LEGAL REGIME

Abstract

Ageing is a natural and inevitable phase of human life that poses significant socio-economic, legal, and health-related challenges, especially in the context of India's rapidly growing elderly population. With India now the world’s most populous country, the demographic shift towards an ageing society is projected to intensify, with senior citizens expected to comprise over 20% of the population by 2050. This research explores the multifaceted implications of ageing in India, emphasizing the legal, constitutional, and policy measures enacted to safeguard the rights and welfare of senior citizens. It critically examines national frameworks like the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007, and assesses the effectiveness of governmental schemes, economic concessions, and healthcare provisions. The study also delves into international instruments, such as the UN’s Decade of Healthy Ageing, and compares India’s approach with global standards. Issues such as loneliness, dependency, deteriorating health infrastructure, and insufficient legal enforcement are highlighted as persistent concerns. Ultimately, the research aims to evaluate whether the existing mechanisms genuinely protect the elderly or serve merely as symbolic assurances. The study concludes with recommendations for a more robust and inclusive system to ensure a life of dignity, security, and active participation for India’s senior citizens.