FEMINIST CRITICISM IN VIRGINIA WOOLF’S ‘A ROOM OF ONE’S OWN’

Abstract

Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own (1929) stands as a pivotal work in feminist literary criticism, offering a profound exploration of the historical, social, and economic barriers that have shaped women’s literary production. This essay examines Woolf’s argument that "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction," highlighting the essential role of financial independence and personal space in fostering creative freedom. Situated within the context of early 20th-century gender politics, Woolf’s work critiques the patriarchal structures that have historically marginalized women’s voices, both in literature and society. Central to her thesis is the analysis of the patriarchal literary canon, where male authors have dominated, and women’s contributions have often been overlooked or dismissed. Through the imaginative figure of Judith Shakespeare, Woolf illustrates how systemic oppression has silenced women’s potential, suggesting that the absence of opportunities, rather than talent, has hindered female writers. Furthermore, Woolf challenges the Victorian ideal of the "Angel in the House," advocating for the "independent woman" who seeks intellectual autonomy and creative self-expression. Woolf employs innovative literary techniques, including stream-of-consciousness, irony, and hypothetical scenarios, to engage readers in a critical dialogue about gender, power, and representation. Her narrative style blurs the boundaries between fiction and academic discourse, making complex feminist ideas both accessible and compelling. The essay’s enduring influence is evident in its impact on feminist literary theory, inspiring generations of scholars, writers, and activists. Woolf’s call for a room of one’s own transcends the literal, symbolizing the broader struggle for gender equality, intellectual freedom, and the recognition of women’s contributions to culture and society. This paper explores Woolf’s feminist critique, her rhetorical strategies, and the lasting legacy of A Room of One’s Own in the ongoing fight for women’s rights and creative autonomy.